Book Description
The title says it all. This tenth edition of the best-selling Sociology is a comprehensive book and multimedia package that offers readers a global perspective to help them better understand their own lives, provides a strong focus on social diversity that allows them to see the impact of race, class, and gender, and focuses on critical thinking. With technology integrated throughout, this new edition features hundreds of new research citations, as well as recent data from Census 2000 to present a cutting-edge picture of life both in the United States and around the world. Covering all aspects of sociology, this book describes sociological investigation, culture, society, interaction in everyday life, groups and organizations, deviance, sexuality, social stratification, social class in the United States, global inequality, gender stratification, race and ethnicity, aging, the economy, politics and government, family, religion, education, health and medicine, population and urbanization, collective behavior and social movements, and social change. An excellent resource for professionals in the field of sociology, this book is also an excellent read for non-academic hobbyists and life-long learners.

About the Author
John J. Macionis (pronounced ma-SHOW-nis) was born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He earned a bachelor's degree from Cornell University and a doctorate in sociology from the University of Pennsylvania. His publications are wide-ranging, focusing on community life in the United States, interpersonal intimacy in families, effective teaching, humor, new information technology, and the importance of global education. He and Nijole V. Benokraitis have edited the anthology Seeing Ourselves: Classic, Contemporary, and Cross-Cultural Readings in Sociology. Macionis has also authored Society: The Basics, the leading brief text in the field, and he collaborates on international editions of the texts: Sociology: Canadian Edition; Society: The Basics, Canadian Edition; Seeing Ourselves, Canadian Edition; and Sociology: A Global Introduction (published by Prentice Hall Europe). Sociology is also available for high school students and in various foreign language editions. In addition, Macionis and Vincent Parrillo have written the urban studies text Cities and Urban Life (Prentice Hall). Macionis's most recent textbook is Social Problems (Prentice Hall). The latest on all the Macionis textbooks, as well as information and dozens of Internet links of interest to students and faculty in sociology, are found at the author's personal Web site: http://www.macionis.com or http://www.TheSociologyPage.com. Additional information, instructor resources, and online student study guides for the texts are found at the Prentice Hall site, http://www.prenhall.com/macionis. John Macionis is Professor and Distinguished Scholar of Sociology at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio. During his career at Kenyon, he has chaired the Sociology Department, directed the college's multidisciplinary program in humane studies, presided over the campus senate and also the college's faculty, and, most important, taught sociology to thousands of students. In 2002, the American Sociological Association named Macionis recipient of the Award for Distinguished Contributions to Teaching, citing his innovative use of global material as well as introduction new teaching technology in the development of his textbooks. Professor Macionis has been active in academic programs in other countries, having traveled to some fifty nations. During his last study tour, he directed the global education course for the University of Pittsburgh's Semester at Sea program, teaching 400 students on a floating campus that visited twelve countries as it circled the globe. Macionis writes, "I am an ambitious traveler, eager to learn and, through the texts, to share much of what I discover with students, many of whom know little about the rest of the world. For me, traveling and writing are all dimensions of teaching. First and foremost, I am a teacher—a passion for teaching animates everything I do." At Kenyon, Macionis offers a wide range of upper-level courses, but his favorite course is Introduction to Sociology, which he teaches every year. He enjoys extensive contact with students and each term invites members of his classes to enjoy a home cooked meal. The Macionis family—John, Amy, and children McLean and Whitney—live on a farm in rural Ohio. In his free time, John practices yoga and enjoys swimming and bicycling through the Ohio countryside. During the summer, he is a competitive sailor, and year-round, he enjoys performing oldies rock and roll and playing the Scottish bagpipes. Professor Macionis welcomes (and responds to) comments and suggestions about this book from faculty and students. Write to the Sociology Department, Palme House, Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio 43022, or direct e-mail to MACIONIS@KENYON.EDU

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.
At the dawning of the modern age, the French philosopher Francois Voltaire expressed his certainty that humans were meant to live together in society and that the gift of society to each of us is the ability to develop a sense of justice. A young woman or man coming of age today has plenty of reasons to take a keen interest in human society and wonder about justice. The United States is engaged in military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and our nation is fighting a worldwide war against terrorism. Throughout the world, there are several dozen other ongoing military conflicts. At home, the gap between the rich and poor is greater than it has been in half a century, and it is increasing. Worldwide, the income gap between the richest and poorest nations is vast, twice as large as it was a century ago. Facts such as these force us to confront vital questions: What kind of world do we live in? Is it the kind of world we want for ourselves and for our children? Surely there is no better way to begin the process of answering these questions than by learning to use the discipline of sociology. There is another, happier reason to begin the study of society. Learning about the social world all around us is extremely rewarding and often great fun. The daily e-mail I receive from students throughout the United States and around the world is clear testimony both to the power of sociology to help people understand their world and to the pleasure they find in doing it. Ask the women and men who teach sociology in classrooms throughout North America and you will find that, in a large majority of cases, they enjoyed the first course they took so much that they continued, eventually deciding to make the study of society their life's work. Sociology has the power to transform people, and many of these people go on to transform society. All instructors know the deep satisfaction that comes from making a difference in the lives of our students. There is no greater reward for our work and, in my case, no better reason for striving for ever-better revisions of Sociology, which, along with the briefer Society: The Basics, stand out—as they have for more than a decade—as the discipline's most widely used texts. I hope you will find Sociology to be authoritative, comprehensive, stimulating, and—as so many students testify—plain fun to read. In addition to the book, every new copy of Sociology, Tenth Edition, comes with a CD-ROM that includes a number of learning tools, including short video selections that illustrate major concepts, theories, and research findings, and also a series of "author's tip" videos-one for each chapter-that focus on key chapter themes. The third part of the learning package that is available free with each new book is access to two Web sites. The first is our full-featured Companion Website™ at http://www.prenhall.com/macionis. From the main page, simply click on the cover of the text to access a comprehensive and interactive study guide. Select a chapter to find chapter summaries, learning objectives, suggested essay questions, and paper topics, as well as multiple-choice and true/false questions. The second, new to this edition, is a premium-content Web site called OneKey. It will serve as a one-stop shop for students and faculty, providing anytime, anywhere access to important course materials. OneKey will also offer a customized student study plan after the student takes a quick diagnostic quiz. Access to OneKey is free with a passcode that can be wrapped with Sociology, Tenth Edition. Textbook, CD-ROM, and Web sites: A three-part, multimedia package that is the foundation for sound learning in this new information age. We invite you to examine all three! ORGANIZATION OF THIS TEXT Part I of the textbook and the CD-ROM introduces the foundations of sociology. Underlying the discipline is the sociological perspective—the focus of Chapter 1, which explains how this point of view brings the world to life in a new and instructive way. Chapter 2 spotlights sociological investigation, or the "doing of sociology." This chapter recognizes the methodological diversity of the discipline, explaining the scientific, interpretive, and critical orientations, and illustrating major research strategies with actual, well-known sociological work. Part II surveys the foundations of social life. Chapter 3 focuses on the central concept of culture, emphasizing the cultural diversity that makes up our society and our world. The focus of Chapter 4 is the concept of society, presenting four time-honored models for understanding the structure and dynamics of social organization. This unique chapter provides introductory students with the background to understand the ideas of important thinkers—including Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim, as well as Gerhard Lenski—that appear in subsequent chapters. Chapter 5 turns to socialization, exploring how we gain our humanity as we learn to participate in society. Chapter 6 provides a micro-level look at the patterns of social interaction that make up our everyday lives. Chapter 7 offers full-chapter coverage of groups and organizations, explaining the importance of group life and investigating how and why large organizations have come to dominate our way of life. Chapter 8 explains how the operation of society generates both deviance and conformity and also surveys the operation of the criminal justice system. Chapter 9 explains the social foundations of human sexuality. This chapter surveys sexual patterns in the United States and also explores variations in ideas and practices through history and around the world today. Part III offers unparalleled discussion of social inequality, beginning with three chapters on social stratification. Chapter 10 introduces major concepts and presents theoretical explanations of social inequality. This chapter richly illustrates historical changes in stratification and how patterns of inequality vary in today's world. Chapter 11 surveys social inequality in the United States, confronting common perceptions of inequality and assessing how well they square with research findings. Chapter 12 extends the analysis with a look at global stratification, revealing the disparities in wealth and power that separate rich and poor nations. Both Chapters 11 and 12 pay special attention to how global developments affect stratification in the United States as they explore our nation's role in global inequality. Chapter 13, gender stratification, explains how gender is a central element in social stratification in the United States as it is worldwide. Race and ethnicity, additional important dimensions of social inequality that often intersect differences based on class and gender, are detailed in Chapter 14. Aging and the elderly, a topic of increasing concern to "graying" societies such as our own, is addressed in Chapter 15. Part IV includes a full chapter on each social institution. Leading off is Chapter 16, the economy and work, because most sociologists recognize the economy as having the greatest impact on all other institutions. This chapter traces the rise and fall of industrial production in the United States and the emergence of a global economy, and explains what such transformations mean for the U.S. labor force. Chapter 17, politics and government, analyzes the distribution of power in U.S. society and surveys political systems around the world. In addition, this chapter includes discussion of the U.S. military, the threat of war, and terrorism as a new form of war. Chapter 18, family, explains the central importance of families to social organization and underscores the diversity of family life both here and in other societies. Chapter 19, religion, addresses the timeless human search for ultimate purpose and meaning, introduces major world religions, and explains how religious beliefs are linked to other dimensions of social life. Chapter 20, education, analyzes the expansion of schooling in industrial and postindustrial societies. Here again, schooling in the United States comes to life through contrasts with educational patterns in other countries. Chapter 21, health and medicine, reveals health to be a social issue just as much as it is a matter of biological processes. This chapter traces the historical emergence of scientific medicine, analyzes today's medical establishment as well as alternative approaches to health, and compares patterns of health in the United States to those in other countries. Part V examines important dimensions of global social change. Chapter 22 highlights the powerful impact of population growth and urbanization in the United States and throughout the world with special attention to the natural environment. Chapter 23 explores forms of collective behavior and explains how people seek or resist social change by joining social movements. Chapter 24 concludes the text with an overview of social change that contrasts traditional, modern, and postmodern societies. This chapter rounds out the text by explaining how and why world societies change and critically analyzing the benefits and liabilities of traditional, modern, and postmodern ways of life. CONTINUITY: ESTABLISHED FEATURES OF SOCIOLOGY Everyone knows that introductory sociology texts have some things in common, but differences run deep. The extraordinary success of Sociology and Society: The Basics—far and away the texts most widely adopted by sociologists across North America—results from a combination of the following distinctive features. The best writing style. Most important, this text offers a writing style widely praised by students and faculty alike as elegant and inviting. Sociology is the text that encourages students to read—even beyond their assignments. No one says it better than the students themselves, whose recent e-mail includes testimonials such as these: I want to thank you for providing us with such a comprehensive, easy-to-read, and engaging book for our use .... In fact, my professor thought it was so interesting and well done, she read the book from cover to cover. Your work has been a great service to us all. My sociology book is the only textbook I currently own that I actually enjoy reading. Thank you! My sociology class used your book, Sociology. It was by far the best textbook I have ever used. I actually liked to read it for pleasure as well as to study. I just want to say it was great. Thanks for writing such a brilliant book. It has sparked my sociological imagination. This was the first textbook that I have ever read completely and enjoyed. From the moment that I picked the book up I started reading nonstop. I have read four chapters ahead; it's like a good novel I can't put down! I just wanted to say thank you. Your book is extremely well written and very interesting. I find myself reading it for pleasure, something 1 have never done with college texts. It is going to be the only collegiate textbook that I ever keep simply to read on my own. I am also thinking of picking up sociology as my minor due to the fact that I have enjoyed the class as well as the text so much. Your writing has my highest praise and utmost appreciation. I am taking a Sociology 101 class using Sociology, a book that I have told my professor is the best textbook that I have ever seen, bar none. I've told her as well that I will be more than happy to take more sociology classes as long as there is a Macionis text to go with them. I am fascinated by the contents of this textbook. In contrast to texts in my other classes, I actually enjoy reading Sociology. Thank you for such a thought-provoking, well-written textbook. I have been in college for three years and I have not found a textbook more remarkable or thought provoking than your Sociology. Dude, your book rocks! A global perspective. Sociology has taken a leading role in expanding the horizons of our discipline beyond the United States. Sociology was the first text to mainstream global content, introduce global maps, and offer coverage of global issues such as stratification and the environment. Global content is not only mainstreamed in chapters but highlighted in global maps, Global Snapshot figures, and Global Sociology boxes. Such a global focus helps explain why this text has been adapted and translated into many other languages for use all over the world. Race, class, gender, and age: A focus on national diversity. Sociology invites students from all social backgrounds to discover a fresh and exciting way to see the world and to understand themselves. Readers will find in this text the diversity of U.S. society—people of African, Asian, Middle Eastern, European, and Latino ancestry, as well as women and men of various class positions, in all parts of the country, and at all points in the life course. In addition to weaving race, class, and gender into all discussions, the text highlights these factors through national maps, Diversity Snapshot figures, and Diversity: Race, Class, and Gender boxes. An independent survey of all introductory books gave this text top marks for mainstreaming race and ethnicity throughout the chapters (Stones, 1996). A focus on diversity also means giving attention to rural issues. Although the media-based view of the United States highlights urban life, a large share of the U.S. population lives in rural areas, and a significant share of U.S. college students are from rural backgrounds. Emphasis on critical thinking. Critical-thinking skills include the ability to challenge common assumptions by formulating questions, to identify and weigh appropriate evidence, and to reach reasoned conclusions. This text not only teaches but encourages students to think and to discover on their own. Many captions for the photography and fine art as well as for maps include questions that call out a response from readers. The Critical Thinking boxes include a series of three "What do you think?" questions. In addition, each chapter concludes with a list of Critical-Thinking Questions, a series of Applications and Exercises, and an invitation for readers to use the Research Navigator™ search engines to learn more on their own. The broadest coverage so instructors can choose. No other text matches Sociology's twenty-four chapter coverage of the field. We offer such breadth—at no greater cost—expecting that few instructors will assign every chapter, but with the goal of supporting instructors as they choose exactly what they wish to teach. Engaging and instructive chapter openings. One of the most popular features of Sociology is the engaging vignettes that begin each chapter. These openings—for instance, using the sociological perspective to show how society guides selection of marriage partners, using the tragic sinking of the Titanic to illustrate the life and death consequences of social inequality, and documenting the rising level of obesity in the United States to show how health is a social issue—spark the interest of readers as they introduce important themes. This revision retains eight of the best chapter-opening vignettes found in earlier editions and offers sixteen new ones as well. Inclusive focus on women and men. Beyond devoting two full chapters to the important concepts of sex and gender, Sociology mainstreams gender into every chapter, showing how the topic at hand affects women and men differently and explaining how gender operates as a basic dimension of social organization. Theoretically clear and balanced. Sociology, Tenth Edition, makes theory easy. Chapter 1 introduces the discipline's major theoretical approaches, which are used in all the chapters that follow. The text highlights not only the social-conflict, structural-functional, and symbolic-interaction paradigms, but incorporates feminist theory, intersection theory, social-exchange analysis, ethnomethodology, cultural ecology, and sociobiology. Chapter 4—unique to this text—provides students with an easy-to-understand introduction to important social theorists before they encounter their work in later chapters. The ideas of Max Weber, Karl Marx, and Emile Durkheim, as well as Gerhard Lenski's historical overview of human societies, appear in distinct sections that instructors may assign together or refer to separately at different points in the course. Recent research and the latest data. Sociology, Tenth Edition, blends classic sociological statements with the latest research, as reported in the leading publications in the field. The results of 300 new research publications inform this revision, and almost half of more than 2000 pieces of research cited throughout the book were published in the last five years. From chapter to chapter, the text's statistical data are the most recent available, typically for 2001, 2002, and 2003. Learning aids. This text has many features to help students learn. In each chapter, key concepts are identified by boldfaced type, and following each appears a precise, italicized definition. A list of key concepts with their definitions appears at the end of each chapter, and a complete Glossary is found at the end of the book. Each chapter also contains a numbered Summary and four Critical-Thinking Questions that help students review material and assess their understanding. Following these are a number of Applications and Exercises, which provides students with activities to do on or near the campus. Each chapter also includes an annotated list of worthwhile Sites to See on the Internet. Outstanding images: photography and fine art. This book offers the finest and most extensive program of photography and artwork available in any sociology textbook. The tenth edition of Sociology displays about SO examples of fine art as well as more than 250 color photographs—more than in any other text. Each of these images is carefully selected by the author and appears with an insightful caption. Moreover, both photographs and artwork present people of various social backgrounds and historical periods. For example, alongside art by well-known Europeans such as Vincent Van Gogh and U.S. artists including George Tooker, this edition has paintings by celebrated African American artists Henry Ossawa Tanner and Jonathan Green, outstanding Latino artists Wayne Healy, Carmen Lomas Garza, and Diego Rivera, Navajo painter Harrison Begay, and the engaging Australian painter and feminist Sally Swain. Thought-provoking theme boxes. Although boxed material is common to introductory texts, Sociology, Tenth Edition, provides a wealth of uncommonly good boxes. Each chapter typically contains four boxes, which fall into five types that amplify central themes of the text. Global Sociology boxes provoke readers to think about their own way of life by examining the fascinating social diversity that characterizes our world. Diversity: Race, Class, and Gender boxes focus on multicultural issues and amplify the voices of women and people of color. Critical Thinking boxes teach students to ask sociological questions about their surroundings and help them evaluate important, controversial issues. Applying Sociology boxes show the value of the sociological perspective to understanding the world around us. Controversy & Debate boxes conclude each chapter by presenting several points of view on an issue of contemporary importance; these boxes are followed by a series of three "Continue the debate" questions that encourage student reaction and are sure to stimulate spirited class discussion. Sociology, Tenth Edition, contains eighty-nine boxes in all. Nine are new to this edition, and many more are revised and updated. A complete listing of this text's boxes appears after the table of contents. An unparalleled program of sixty global and national maps. This is the text that pioneered the use of global and national maps. Window on the World global maps—thirty in all, with many updated—are truly sociological maps offering a comparative look at the number of children typically born to women, income disparity, favored languages and religions, the extent of prostitution, permitted marriage forms, the practice of female genital mutilation, the degree of political freedom, the incidence of HIV infection, and a host of other issues. The global maps use the non-Eurocentric projection devised by cartographer Arno Peters that accurately portrays the relative size of all the continents. A complete listing of the Window on the World global maps follows the table of contents. Seeing Ourselves national maps—thirty in all, with many updated for this edition—help to illuminate the social diversity of the United States. Most of these maps offer a close-up look at all 3,066 U.S. counties, highlighting suicide rates, median per capita income, labor force participation, first-cousin marriage laws, religious diversity, average annual teacher salaries, and, as measures of popular culture, where people play golf or where households prefer to read newspapers or watch television. Each national map includes an explanatory caption that poses several questions to stimulate students' thinking about social forces. A complete listing of the Seeing Ourselves national maps follows the table of contents. Linking technology to the text. At four or five points in each chapter, a Media logo directs students to visit carefully selected Web sites. These sites provide biographical material about sociologists, useful data, or information about an organization that deals with the topic at hand. In addition, an annotated list of even more Web sites is found at the end of each chapter. INNOVATION: CHANGES IN THE TENTH EDITION Each new edition of Sociology has broken new ground, one reason that the popularity of this text and its brief version keeps rising. Now, having reached the tenth edition, we renew the book once again with many fresh ideas and useful teaching tools. Two years in the making, this tenth edition is, quite simply, the best revision yet. Here is a brief overview of what's new in Sociology, Tenth Edition. A greater focus on careers. Most students who enroll in a sociology course hope to find something useful for their future careers. They will. Sociology, Tenth Edition, reflects the discipline's career relevance more than ever before. Many chapters now apply sociological insights to careers-for example, read how today's marketers are learning to be more multicultural (Chapter 3, "Culture") and why physicians should understand the social dynamics of an office visit or a medical examination (Chapter 6, "Sociology of Everyday Life"). In addition, there is greatly expanded coverage of the entire criminal justice system (Chapter 8, "Deviance"), as well as a new discussion of nursing as part of the medical establishment (Chapter 21, "Health and Medicine"). Highlighting "sociology@work." For additional connections between sociology and careers, look for the "sociology@work" icon. These icons draw student attention to a discussion that has particular relevance to the world of work and identify not only career applications but include descriptions of people working as professional sociologists. "In the Times" readings. What better way to bring sociology to life than to provide students with brief, well-written, highly interesting newspaper articles on the important chapter topics! Eleven of the chapters in this edition of Sociology—including every social institution chapter—are followed by a one- or two-page reading carefully edited from a recent article in The New York Times. The sociological articles were published in 2002 and 2003, and all present important and current issues that are sure to engage student readers. Here is a listing of the "In the Times" articles: Chapter 1 ("The Sociological Perspective"): "Military Mirrors Working-Class America" Chapter 3 ("Culture"): "Cultural Divide Over Parental Discipline" Chapter 9 ("Sexuality"): "The Skin Wars Start Earlier and Earlier" Chapter 11 ("Social Class in the United States"): "Are Those Leaving Welfare Better Off Now? Yes and No" Chapter 16 ("Economy and Work"): "Immigrant Laborers Feel Stranded in Pacific Northwest as Day Jobs Dry Up" Chapter 17 ("Politics and Government"): "After Sept. 11, a Legal Battle over Limits of Civil Liberty" Chapter 18 ("Family"): "With the Blessing of Society, Europeans Opt Not to Marry" Chapter 19 ("Religion"): "Putting the American in `American Muslim" Chapter 20 ("Education"): "Students' Scores Rise in Math, Not in Reading" Chapter 21 ("Health and Medicine"): "Good and Bad Marriage, Boon and Bane to Health" Chapter 24 ("Social Change"): "No Wiggle Room in a Window War" Student Snapshots. Among the popular features of Sociology are the Global Snapshot figures (comparing social patterns in the United States to those in other nations) and Diversity Snapshot figures (detailing differences by race, ethnicity, class, or gender). For this revision, we have added fourteen Student Snapshots, which document trends in the behavior and opinions of college students, based on the surveys conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute at the University of California at Los Angeles since 1968. Learn more with Research Navigator™. Students using Sociology, Tenth Edition, can make use of two high-powered search engines found in the Research Navigator™ system. First, there is the search engine that scans a scholarly database compiled by EBSCO. Search using discipline screens to select only articles in the field of interest. Second, you can search the recent archives of The New York Times for news articles on any topic of your choosing. With Research Navigator™, more information is only a few keystrokes away. Expanded and improved time line. An easy way to help students put their lives in historical perspective is the time line, an exclusive feature found inside the front cover of Sociology, Tenth Edition. For this revision, we have expanded the time line to three pages, adding more material about popular culture and social diversity, as well as a number of color images. Keeping up with the field. An unfortunate fact is that some sociology textbooks do not reflect new work in the field, ignoring the latest ideas from sociology journals and new books in the field. By contrast, Sociology, Tenth Edition, is at the cutting edge, reflecting what's new in more than a dozen scholarly journals—including American Journal of Sociology, American Sociological Review, Rural Sociology, Social Forces, Sociological Focus, Sociological Forum, Society, The Public Interest, Social Problems, Population Bulletin, Teaching Sociology, Contemporary Sociology, and Social Science Quarterly—as well as popular publications that keep us abreast of current trends and events. If you don't have time to keep up with everything in the field (and most of us don't), be sure you have a text that does. New chapter-opening vignettes. This revision keeps the best of the popular chapter-opening vignettes and adds sixteen new ones; overall, two-thirds of the openings are new to this edition. Many new boxes. A total of eighty-nine boxes supports five themes of the text: Global Sociology; Diversity: Race, Class, and Gender; Critical Thinking; Applying Sociology; and, focusing on social policy, Controversy & Debate. Many boxes are revised and updated; nine boxes are completely new to this edition. The latest statistical data. Instructors count on this text for including the very latest statistical data. The tenth edition comes through again, using both online and conventional sources to ensure that the very latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Labor, the Centers for Disease Control, and numerous other agencies are found here. The author and Professor Carol A. Singer, government documents librarian at Bowling Green State University (Ohio), work together to ensure that, when you adopt Sociology, Tenth Edition, you can be sure your students will have the most recent data available at the time of publication. In addition, this revision incorporates 300 new research citations as well as many recent current events that spark the interest of students. New topics. The tenth edition of Sociology is thoroughly updated with new and expanded discussions in every chapter. Here is a listing, by chapter, of just some of the new material: Chapter 1 The Sociological Perspective: A new opening vignette shows how love and marriage are guided by society; also find statistical updates on patterns of suicide in the United States; at the end of the chapter, students are invited to make use of the new Research Navigator™ search engines with instructions and keywords provided; finally, directly following this chapter, the first "In the Times" feature, which casts a sociological eye on the U.S. military, appears with discussion questions. Chapter 2 Sociological Investigation: The discussion of research ethics is expanded to include institutional review boards; there is a new discussion of the tension between uniformity and rapport in interviewing research. Chapter 3 Culture: A new chapter opening highlights the importance of multicultural marketing to today's corporations; a new box highlights emerging cyber-symbols in popular culture; there is new discussion of the number of cultures in today's world, noting a number of languages that are now in danger of disappearing; there is a critical update on the Sapir-Whorf thesis; directly after this chapter, an "In the Times" feature looks at cultural conflict involving childrearing practices of immigrant parents. Chapter 4 Society: This entire chapter has been carefully rewritten for even greater clarity; there is an expanded discussion about whether life in the United States is getting better or worse. Chapter 5 Socialization: This chapter features an increased number of examples and illustrations; there is expanded discussion of Kohlberg's theory of moral development; a research update highlights the difference class makes in the socialization process; there is expanded discussion of the effects of television programming on young people; a new Student Snapshot looks at patterns of trust; and the chapter includes a new discussion of the effects that events such as the September 11 terrorist attacks have on young people. Chapter 6 Social Interaction in Everyday Life: There is an updated ethnomethodology section; a major reorganization of the second half of the chapter includes a new section on the sociology of emotions; a new Critical Thinking box focuses on managing emotions in the experiences of women who have abortions; another new Critical Thinking box focuses on how people can detect lying, with applications to the war on terrorism. Chapter 7 Groups and Organizations: There is a new application of research on leadership styles focusing on President Bush's White House; there is an update on Stanley Milgram's "six degrees of separation" research; a new Student Snapshot describes the changing share of first-year college students engaged in volunteer work; a new example of bureaucratic ritualism notes that, after the September 11 terrorist attacks, the United States Postal Service insisted on delivering Osama bin Laden's mail; find a recent look at the nature of Japanese organizations in light of Japan's economic downturn; there is an expanded discussion of new, flatter organizations highlighting specific innovations by some of the most successful U.S. corporations. Chapter 8 Deviance: A new opening describes a recent corporate scandal, setting up the discussion of white-collar crime and corporate crime; there is an update on "weird laws" as well as gambling laws across the United States; a new Critical Thinking box asks whether the United States is becoming a society of cheaters; find new research in support of differential association theory; there are statistical updates on all crime rates, as well as the latest on the growing controversy surrounding the death penalty; a new Student Snapshot shows the trend in student opposition to the death penalty; there is greatly expanded coverage of the criminal justice system, with new sections on due process and community-based corrections, including probation and parole. Chapter 9 Sexuality: A new chapter opening sets up discussion of various social problems related to sex among young people; there is expanded discussion of variations in sexuality, which now includes coverage of intersexual people and gender reassignment; a new national map shows which states permit first-cousin marriages and which do not; a new figure helps students understand sexual orientation; a new Critical Thinking box takes a look at the campus culture of "hooking up"; and there is an update on the abortion controversy as the United States marks the 30th anniversary of Roe v. Wade; following this chapter, an "In the Times" feature describes the recent trend towards sexually provocative clothing for young teens and pre-teens. Chapter 10 Social Stratification: This chapter contains an update on social class in Japan; a major new section profiles the emerging class system in China; there are new examples of this country's highest-income people in a discussion of whether they are worth what they are paid; and a new table summarizes theories of stratification. Chapter 11 Social Class in the United States: A new chapter opening asks whether winning a $171-million lottery changes a grocer's social class; a new chapter Web link invites students to compare income inequality in the United States and Canada; new statistics provide the latest information on income and wealth inequality, mobility by income level, the working poor, and those below the poverty line; a new national map shows poverty rates for all U.S. counties; a new Critical Thinking box looks at charges of "runaway" CEO compensation during the last twenty years; there is an updated discussion of the effects of the 1996 welfare reforms; following this chapter, an "In the Times" feature looks at the current fate of families affected by welfare reform. Chapter 12 Global Stratification: A new chapter opening describes the sometimes deadly conditions of people working in garment sweatshops in poor countries such as Bangladesh; a new Diversity box describes las colonias in southern Texas, often described as the "American Third World"; find statistical updates on important economic indicators for countries around the world; there is an expanded discussion of slavery in the modern world. Chapter 13 Gender Stratification: This chapter contains numerous research updates including new material on gender and the mass media, and also the link between having children and earning tenure in academia; find the latest statistics on working women and men—their jobs as well as their income and wealth—women's and men's schooling, gender and political power, and women's participation in the military; the latest survey data show changing attitudes toward gender equality, including a new Student Snapshot showing declining support among first-year students for conventional gender norms; there is also greater emphasis on intersection theory and the social standing of people with multiple disadvantages. Chapter 14 Race and Ethnicity: A new chapter opening points to the increasing racial and ethnic diversity of U.S. society; the chapter contains more comparative data that demonstrate the social construction of race; there are statistical updates on multiracial people in the United States, as well as the social standings of major categories of the U.S. population; a new discussion provides recently published data updating the classic Bogardus social distance research and adding discussion of hostility towards Muslims and Arabs after the September 11 attacks; coverage of affirmative action is brought up to date with discussion of the 2003 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in the University of Michigan admissions policy case. Chapter 15 Aging and the Elderly: A new chapter opening shows how activebut agingrock stars blur the line between youth and old age; a new Global Sociology box examines the surprising number of centenarians on the island of Sardinia; a new Applying Sociology box explains how the recent economic downturn has forced many older people to keep working; the discussion of the economics of retirement is expanded to include the idea of "staged retirement"; there is an expanded discussion of bereavement. Chapter 16 The Economy and Work: A new chapter opening describes the extent to which the rapidly expanding retailer Wal-Mart affects the entire U.S. economy; find updated statistics on labor force participation as well as unemployment for all categories of the population; the chapter now includes the latest on the increasing social diversity in the U.S. workplace; there is more coverage of workers—including white-collar employees—who have been forced to give up bonuses, salary, and benefits to keep their jobs in the weak economy; a new Student Snapshot shows the most often named "probable" careers of first-year college students; directly after this chapter, an "In the Times" feature looks at how immigrant laborers are faring in the weak economy after 2000. Chapter 17 Politics and Government: A new chapter opening highlights the War in Iraq, asking why nations often turn to violence to resolve disputes; a new Student Snapshot shows changing political leanings among college students; find updates on the extent of democracy in the world, the number of political action committees, as well as sociological analysis of the latest election results; there is more discussion of the effects of race, class, and gender on political attitudes; also find a new discussion of laws that bar convicted felons from voting—and estimates of the difference it would make if they could; a new short section discusses the role of the mass media in the War in Iraq; a new Controversy and Debate box asks whether Islam is compatible with political democracy and includes a new Global Snapshot figure; following the chapter, an "In the Times" feature examines the tradeoff between stronger security laws and weaker civil liberties. Chapter 18 Family: A new chapter opening tells the story of a successful single mother who has adopted two children from China, highlighting the diversity of today's families; find updates on all marriage and family statistics, including the cost of raising children, differences in average family income by race and ethnicity, the divorce rate, and reported family violence; a new section profiles family patterns among American Indian migrants to cities; a new figure shows the probabilities of children living with both biological parents until age eighteen for cohabiting and married parents; and a new Student Snapshot shows the historical trend in campus support for laws that prohibit homosexual relationships; following the chapter, a new "In the Times" feature describes the trend in Europe away from traditional marriage. Chapter 19 Religion: A new chapter opening points to the United States as the most religiously diverse nation on Earth; updates provide the latest on all the major religions of the world; the chapter includes the latest data on measures of religiosity in the United States as well as the size of various religious communities; find expanded coverage of the effects of religious belief on young people; a new Student Snapshot shows the rising share of first-year college students who claim no religious preference; there is expanded coverage of New Age spirituality; there is a new national map providing a recent look at the religious diversity of the United States; after the chapter, a new "In the Times" feature highlights the difficulties of U.S. Muslims after the September 11 attacks. Chapter 20 Education: A new chapter opening highlights the rising number of home-schooled children in the United States; there are updates on all education statistics; a new section on the expansion of higher education in the United States focuses on the growing importance of community colleges; a new Diversity box looks at racial differences in school discipline; find the latest events and trends in the school choice debate, including discussion of the Bush administration's 2002 education bill; a new section and a new Student Snapshot highlight grade inflation in recent decades; there is a new discussion of the increase in home schooling; a new national map shows average teacher salaries for all fifty states; following this chapter, a new "In the Times" feature reports on recent trends in the performance of U.S. students. Chapter 21 Health and Medicine: A new chapter opening illustrates the link between society and health by documenting the rising level of obesity that now affects most people in the United States; a new national map shows the state of health in all 3,066 U.S. counties; a new Student Snapshot highlights self-assessment of health; new statistics update all measures of health in the United States, as well as global issues such as the AIDS epidemic; a new journal entry notes the Canadian policy of limiting doctors' income; a new section examines the extent and causes of the nursing shortage; following this chapter, a new "In the Times" feature explores the effects of marriage on health. Chapter 22 Population, Urbanization, and Environment: A new opening describes the declining population of Bisbee, North Dakota, one of hundreds of dying towns on the Great Plains; a new journal entry describes high fertility among the U.S. Amish; the chapter presents the latest statistical data on fertility, mortality, and population increase; a new discussion points out the decline of public life in the United States, with more urban activity taking place in private spaces, including malls and gated communities; there is an update on the increasing shortage of water around the world. Chapter 23 Collective Behavior and Social Movements: A new chapter opening shows how easily rumors—even when completely untrue—can spread; the chapter includes a number of recent examples of collective behavior, including the 2003 Rhode Island nightclub fire, the anti-war demonstrations that accompanied the War in Iraq, and public ignorance of the federal tax system; two Student Snapshots show a declining trend of student involvement in community action programs, and track political involvement; additional discussion focuses on the role of new information technology in creating "smart crowds"; there is a new section presenting the political-economy theory of social movements. Chapter 24 Social Change: Traditional, Modern, and Postmodern Societies: Find updates from the National Opinion Research Center on people's attitudes toward social change and modernity; a rewritten and expanded box tells the stories of both Brazil's Kaiapo Indians and the people of Hog Hammock, a Gullah community off the coast of Georgia, both of which are being drawn into modern ways of life with both good and bad consequences; following the chapter, a new "In the Times" feature describes the conflict between modern building codes and traditional Amish homes. A WORD ABOUT LANGUAGE This text's commitment to representing the social diversity of the United States and the world carries with it the responsibility to use language thoughtfully. In most cases, we prefer the terms African American and person of color to the word black. We use the terms Hispanic and Latino to refer to people of Spanish descent. Most tables and figures refer to "Hispanics" because this is the term the Census Bureau uses when collecting statistical data about our population. Students should realize, however, that many individuals do not describe themselves using these terms. Although the term "Hispanic" is commonly used in the eastern part of the United States, and "Latino" and the feminine form "Latina" are widely heard in the West, throughout the United States people of Spanish descent identify with a particular ancestral nation, whether it be Argentina, Mexico, some other Latin American country, or Spain in Europe. Likewise, the term "Asian Americans" is used by the government to collect data. Most people of Asian descent, however, think of themselves in terms of a specific country of origin (say, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, or Vietnam). In this text, "Native American" refers to all the inhabitants of the Americas whose ancestors lived here prior to the arrival of Europeans. Here again, however, most people in this broad category identify with their historical society (say, Cherokee, Hopi, or Zuni). "American Indian" is the preferred name of Native Americans who live in the continental United States, not including Native peoples in Alaska or Hawaii. Learning to think globally also leads us to use language carefully. This text avoids the word "American"—which literally designates two continents—to refer to just the United States. For example, referring to this country, the term "U.S. economy" is more correct than the "American economy." This convention may seem a small point, but it implies the significant recognition that we in this country represent only one society (albeit a very important one) in the Americas.

FROM THE PUBLISHER

This best-selling comprehensive introduction to sociology--text/multimedia package--features the exceptionally strong combination of a global perspective, focus on social diversity, emphasis on critical thinking, and cutting-edge research base (including Census 2000). A widely acclaimed writing style, vivid illustration program, and extensive highlight features--applied chapter-opening vignettes, full-color Global and National Maps, thought-provoking theme boxes, applications and exercises--capture reader's imaginations and help them see clearly how sociological concepts and issues affect not only life in general, but their individual lives as well. An accompanying CD-ROM features a library of video selections illustration major concepts and theories, animated Global and National Maps, author's tips, chapter slide shows, etc. A companion Website is also available. The Sociological Perspective. Sociological Investigation. Culture. Society. Socialization. Social Interaction in Everyday Life. Groups and Organizations. Deviance. Sexuality. Social Stratification. Social Class in the United States. Global Stratification. Gender Stratification. Race and Ethnicity. Aging and the Elderly. The Economy and Work. Politics and Government. Family. Religion. Education. Health and Medicine. Population, Urbanization, and Environment. Collective Behavior and Social Movements. Social Change: Traditional, Modern, and Postmodern Societies. For anyone interested in a cutting-edge introduction to sociology and social diversity from a global perspective.

SYNOPSIS

This Sociology book offers a fresh and contemporary perspective with a focus on the major methods, theories, and findings of the field. Its emphasis on cultivating a global perspective, its multicultural view, its focus on critical thinking, and its abundance of boxed features highlighting and personalizing contemporary applications appeal to readers across all academic backgrounds. Develops and illustrates the significance of sociology as a perspective in Ch. 1 and notes explicitly in each chapter the benefits of applying the sociological perspective. Thought-provoking Social Diversity boxes highlight how issues affect women, people of color, or other segments of our population. Critical Thinking boxes assist the reader in shaping questions, identifying relevant evidence, and reaching reasoned conclusions about their social world. Global Sociology boxes examine the fascinating cultural diversity found throughout the world and lend a global and comparative view to issues. Sociology of Everyday Life boxes reveal how the sociological perspective encourages new understandings of familiar life experiences. Profile boxes introduce the key men and women who have shaped the discipline of sociology

FROM THE CRITICS

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